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The
Marmara Region forms a passage between the Balkan Peninsula
and Anatolia. Europe and Asia are connected to each other
in this region. It covers 8.5 percent of the country with
a surface area of 67,000 km2 and It gets its name from the
internal sea with the same name, which is entirely surrounded
by land and connected to the Black Sea and the Aegean Sea
through the straits. The islands of Bozcaada and Gokceada
(Imroz), situated in the open sea off the Aegean coast, are
also located in the Marmara Region.
The Marmara Region is surrounded by the Black Sea and Central
Anatolia Regions to the east, the Aegean Region to the south
and Greece and Bulgaria to the northwest. The borders of the
Marmara Region are not in conformity with the provincial borders
in many places just as in the other regions. Edirne, Kirklareli,
Tekirdag, Istanbul, Kocaeli and Yalova Provinces are completely
within the borders of the region. Some lands in Sakarya, Bilecik,
Bursa, Balikesir and Canakkale Provinces are located within
the borders of the Aegean or the Black Sea Regions.
The people in the Marmara Region make their living in industry,
trade, tourism and agriculture. It is Turkey's main industrial
region and the most developed area is the Istanbul-Bursa-Izmit
triangle. Istanbul, which has been an important trade center
since ancient times, is located on the intercontinental transport
routes and makes the region superior throughout the country.
Processed food items, textiles, ready-to-wear clothing, cement,
paper, petrochemical products, durable household items, ships
and yachts are among the main industrial goods produced in
the region.
At the same time, the agriculture in the region has also diversified.
Approximately half of the sown areas consists of wheat fields
which is followed by sugar beet, corn and sunflower production.
In the region, which realizes almost 73 percent of Turkey's
sunflower and almost 30 percent of her corn production, the
other important goods are vegetables and fruit. This region
is in second place in corn production (after the Black Sea
Region) and olive production (after the Aegean Region)among
regions. Specially Gemlik olives are prefered throughout the
whole country. Marmara region has also a developed viniculture,
in Tekirdag, Sarkoy, Murefte, Avsa and Bozcaada that are known
with grape production.
Kocaeli
The city of Kocaeli connected to Istanbul by highway is an
industrial center surrounded by fruit orchards and vegetable
gardens. In the city center, which was known as "Nicomedia"
during the Roman Period, and its surroundings there are many
historical works remaining from the Ottoman Period. The town
of Hereke in the vicinity of the city is famous for its carpet
weaving. The town of Gebze which is located on the northern
shores of the Marmara Sea has a rich history. The grave of
Hannibal, the famous Carthaginian commander is here.
Sakarya
Adapazari is an industrial city in Sakarya Province which
contains extensive plains of fertile agricultural lands. Fruits
and vegetables rich in vitamins are grown on these lands,
enriched with alluvium fed by the Sakarya River. The people
of this region were known for their beauty in ancient times
because of its fertile lands. Indeed, Sabina, the wife of
the Roman Emperor Hadrian, whose beauty was legendary, grew
up in this region and later went to Rome as a bride.
Edirne
The general view of Thrace which forms the European section
of Turkey is like this. A foreigner who enters into the city
of Edirne from Europe first of all beholds the Selimiye Mosque,
a masterpiece of Turkish architecture. The Selimiye Mosque,
in which the external and internal architecture reached their
maximum aesthetic dimensions, reflects the beauty of Turkish
art to Europe. The mosques, caravanserais, bazaars, bridges
and other unique works of Ottoman architecture are worth seeing
in Edirne, which was one of the seven largest cities in Europe
in the eighteenth century and served as the capital city of
the Ottoman State for approximately a century. The traditional
Kirkpinar Wrestling competitions are also held every year
at the beginning of summer in an area called Sarayici next
to a grove in Edirne. The wrestling competitions last for
one week and at the end the baspehlivan (wrestling champion)
is selected.
Tekirdag
Tekirdag Province, in western Thrace, which has beautiful
examples of Ottoman architecture and extensive beaches, is
known for its vineyards and wine festivals. Sarkoy and Murefte
to the west of Tekirdag, are important holiday towns besides
being important wine making centers. Every year wine festivals
are organized at Sarkoy. The Rustem Pasha Mosque and the Valuable
Goods Bazaar are the most important Turkish structures in
the town. The house where the Hungarian People's Salvation
Hero, Prince Ferenc II Rakoczy lived has been turned into
a museum in his memory.
Kirklareli
Kirklareli, which is the largest province of Turkey in Europe,
is rich in history and nature. Fruit orchards are an important
source of income for this province, which also has extensive
forests. Igneada and Kiyikoy, on the shores of the Black Sea,
are known for their fine sandy beaches. The Kirklar Sehitligi
(the Monument of Forty Martyrs), which has 18 columns, was
constructed in the memory of 40 light cavalrymen who became
martyrs when the city was conquered, is the symbol of the
city.
Balikesir
Balikesir Province has borders with the Marmara Sea in the
north and the Aegean Sea in the west. The Zaganos Pasha Mosque,
the Yildirim Mosque, the Clock Tower and the Karesi Bey Tomb
in the city are important historical structures. Bandirma,
which is the largest settlement area of Balikesir Province
on the shores of the Marmara, is the second largest port in
the Marmara Sea after Istanbul. Erdek to the northwest of
Bandirma is known for its beaches and the historical structures
at Kyzikos. The Marmara, Avsa, and Pasalimani islands, which
can be reached by sea from Erdek, attract visitors with their
natural beauties, beaches and delicious wines. Kus Cenneti
(Bird Paradise) National Park is located at Manyas Lake south
of Bandirma. Every year approximately 3 million birds of 239
species visit the Kus Cenneti. This environment is an essential
stopover point and breeding place for the birds. The most
suitable time to visit is between 1 April and 30 May.
. The Aegean shores of Balikesir Province borders the Edremit
Bay. Edremit Bay is filled with natural and historical assets
and all of its shores are covered with olive trees. That's
why these shores are called the "Olive Riviera".
There are many old houses in the region where traditional
architecture is preserved. Kaz Dagi (Goose Mountain) National
Park is located to the north of Edremit. According to mythology,
the first beauty contest in the world was held on this mountain,
and Paris, the son of the Trojan King lived on this mountain.
The French who wanted to protect and preserve aesthetic values
searched world history and mythology and chose the name of
Paris of Anatolia who lived on Kaz Dagi for the name of their
capital city.
Akcay,
Altinoluk,
oren and Ayvalik
are favorite holiday towns in the vicinity of Edremit, famous
for their natural beauties and extensive beaches. The natural
shores at Ayvalik, where there are 22 large and small islands,
have almost been embroidered like fine lacework. These beauties
can be viewed panoramically from a location called the Seytan
Sofrasi (Devil's Table). Camlik and Alibey (Cunda) Islands,
besides their natural beauties, are famous for restaurants
serving delicious and different seafood specialties. There
are various monasteries and churches remaining from the Byzantine
Period on the surrounding islands.
Bilecik
The Sakarya River flows through the center of the lands of
Bilecik Province, which is a rather important province from
the point of view of Ottoman history. The foundations for
the establishment of the Ottoman Empire were laid in this
region. The town of Sogut is 30 km to the north of Bilecik
and is famous for its ceramics and is the settlement place
of the Kayi's, who were from one of the former Turkish tribes.
The Turkish Ethnographical Museum constructed in the shape
of a stylized Turkish tent is worth seeing. |
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